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Corresponding Author

Ahmed Emad Eldin Elsamahy

Document Type

Original Article

Abstract

Background: Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) is a 210-amino acid polypeptide that is encoded by a human gene situated in the five ′ region of the 1,2-fucosyltransferase gene on chromosome 19.

Objectives: To assess the FGF21 serum levels as an indicator for prediabetes among obese Egyptian cases.

Methods: Our case-control study involved 40 obese cases whose ages fell between 18 and 65 years, both genders, obese cases with body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or above). Patients were categorized into two equal groups: Group A, prediabetic, and Group B, not prediabetic, but either impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose.

Results: FGF-21 exhibited significantly greater values within the prediabetic group than the normal group (P <0.001). No association was documented among FGF-21, BMI, and waist-hip ratio (WHR). FGF21 can significantly predict prediabetes (P <0.001 and AUC (area under the curve) = 0.875) at cutoff>226 with 85% sensitivity, 75% specificity, 77.3% PPV and 83.3% NPV. In univariate regression, waist, triglyceride (TG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), total cholesterol (TC), and FGF-21 exhibited independent prediabetes predictors (P <0.05). In multivariate regression, FPI and FGF-21 represented independent prediabetes predictors (P <0.05), while waist, TC, and TG were not. FPI, TC, TG, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), FGF-21, and waist exhibited significantly greater values within the prediabetic prediabetic group as opposed to the normal group (P <0.05).

Conclusion: FGF-21 levels showed good predictive performance in distinguishing between prediabetes and normoglycemia in obesity. Additional metabolic risk factors like waist circumference, HbA1c, FPI, TG, and TC were also significantly elevated in the prediabetic prediabetic group.

Keywords

Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21; Marker; Pre-diabetes; Obese; Egyptian

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