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Corresponding Author

EL_Sayed Maher Arafat

Document Type

Original Article

Abstract

Background: Autoimmune diseases can increase the risk of stroke and are associated with stroke-related disability.

Aim and objectives: To look into the radiographic, laboratory, and clinical characteristics of people who have autoimmune diseases that are exacerbated by stroke.

Patients and methods: Seven06 patients with acute ischemic stroke were included in our observational prospective cohort study; these patients were divided into two groups: 601 patients had no autoimmune illness, and 105 patients had an autoimmune condition.

Results: Among all participants, 27 patients (3.8%) were rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 34 (4.8%) systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE), 23 (3.3%) Behçet disease, 14 (2%) anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) and 6 (1%) other autoimmune diseases while 601 patients (85.1%) have no autoimmune disease. There were statistically significant differences among studied groups regarding age, sex, stroke onset, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), ischemic heart disease (IHD), dyslipidemia, and smoking. Patients with the autoimmune disease had frequent small vessel disease, cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), higher (NIHSS), and higher modified Rankin scale (mRS) compared to the non-autoimmune patients. The patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) were 2.6 times more likely to have a disability compared to those without AF. Additionally, male patients and patients with higher baseline NIHSS were at higher risk of stroke-related disability.

Conclusion: Particularly in young female patients, autoimmune illness is a significant cause of stroke and is frequently linked to concomitant conditions, including DM, HTN, and cardiovascular diseases with more frequent associated small vessel disease, CVT, higher NIHSS, and higher mRS compared to the non-autoimmune patients.

Keywords

Autoimmune diseases; Stroke; Comorbidities; SLE; Rheumatoid Arthritis

Subject Area

Neurology

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