Risk Of Hypocalcemia After Total Thyroidectomy And Bilateral Central Neck Dissection In Patients With Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Authors

Saied Hosny Bendary, Professor and head of Surgical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Tarek Zaghlol Mohamed, Lecturer of General surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Mohamed Mahmoud Mohamed Gad, MBBcH Al-Azhar University Faculty of Medicine Cairo, EGYPTFollow

Document Type

Original Article

Abstract

Background: One of the most common adverse effects after thyroid surgery is hypocalcemia, which can result in symptoms ranging from paresthesia to laryngospasm. We can prevent the requirement for calcium and vitamin D pills for the rest of our lives if we can avoid this problem. Aim of work: Evaluation of hypocalcemia following bilateral central neck dissection for papillary thyroid cancer and complete thyroidectomy, as well as strategies to prevent it. Patient and methods: This study involved thirty patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma who were admitted to Sayed Galal Hospital. The patients' serum calcium and parathormone levels were assessed to screen for postoperative hypocalcaemia after a complete thyroidectomy and central neck dissection. They were then split into three groups: B, C, and A. Results: Patients in Group B experienced temporary hypocalcemia and had normal PTH levels, indicating parathyroid dysfunction. It took an average of 15.5 days for the calcium levels to return to normal range. PTH levels were below normal range in Group C patients, who had hypocalcemia for more than six months, indicating absolute hypoparathyroidism. Patients in Group C were older, less likely to be female, had somewhat larger tumors, and showed symptoms later in the disease progression in terms of age, gender, tumor size, and stage. Preoperative calcium levels were not linked to risk since group C patients had the highest mean of ionized calcium and group B patients had a lower mean of total calcium level than group C.. Conclusion: The primary risk factor for hypocalcaemia following thyroidectomy is surgical technique. Preserving the parathyroids themselves requires as much care and dissection as necessary to maintain the parathyroid tissue's and the glands' blood supply. Older age, big tumors, and late stages are additional risk factors.

Keywords

Hypocalcaemia; Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma; Total Thyroidectomy; Central Neck Dissection; Hypoparathyroidism.

Subject Area

Oncology

How to Cite This Article

Bendary, Saied Hosny; Mohamed, Tarek Zaghlol; and Gad, Mohamed Mahmoud Mohamed (2024) "Risk Of Hypocalcemia After Total Thyroidectomy And Bilateral Central Neck Dissection In Patients With Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma," Al-Azhar International Medical Journal: Vol. 5: Iss. 3, Article 20.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.58675/2682-339X.2327