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Document Type

Original Article

Abstract

Background: Microaneurysm proliferation is the hallmark of the early stages of DR. it is the mild form of NPDR. with increased severity , the progression to PDR occurred which is characterized by the formation of new blood vessels on the retina and posterior surface of the vitreous, and it develops from moderate or severe NPDR by a process of increased vascular permeability & occlusion. Aim of the study: to assess neurodegeneration in individuals with type II diabetes mellitus (DM2) who do not have diabetic retinopathy. Patients and methods: full ophthalmic examination and Spectralis OCT was performed on 50 eyes of 25 patients with type II DM and don’t have diabetic retinopathy, and on 50 eyes of 25 healthy controls. The thickness of the peri-papillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and the macular ganglion cell complex (GCL) were measured. The RNFL thickness in the peripheral retina was measured with a glaucoma application. Comparison was done between patients with DM without DR of different disease duration and healthy control patient. Results: Macular GCL (avg inf, avg sup, avg total) was significantly decrease in cases contrasted with controls. The average inf is more affected in patient than control and in pateints with longer duration than with early disease and with higher HBA1C than with lower measures (negative correlation) peripapillary RNFL thickness is significantly reduced in almost all sectors except inferonasal sector in patients (non-significant difference) compared to the controls and decrease more in longer diabetic duration and higher HbA1c. Conclusions: retinal neurodegeneration occure early befor diabetic retinopathy present.

Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Retinopathy; Neuroretinal Changes

Subject Area

Ophthalmology

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