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Corresponding Author

Shalaby, Abdulrahman

Document Type

Original Article

Abstract

Background: Netrin-1 is a laminin-related protein that has anti-inflammatory, tissue-regenerating, and immune-modulating abilities. While inflammation is important in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, the possible association between netrin-1 and type 2 diabetes remains poorly understood. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between netrin-1 and prediabetes or newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, and the role of netrin-1as a novel biomarker in the pathogenesis of early-stage type 2 diabetes. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Hussein University Hospital of Al-Azhar University. Ninety Egyptian participants were enrolled and equally divided into three groups (prediabetes, recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes, and healthy controls). All participants aged30–65 years.Netrin-1 levels were measured using an available commercially human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results: The type 2 diabetes and prediabetes groups had significantly higher serum netrin-1 levels than the healthy control group (488.6, 408.4, and 228.6 pg/ml, respectively; p < 0.001). Additionally, netrin-1 demonstrated a highly statistically significant positive association with body mass index, fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, hemoglobinA1c, and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance in all studied groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Serum netrin-1 levels were higher in people with prediabetes and recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes and were linked to higher body mass index, insulin resistance, and glucose homeostasis. Future research exploring the exact mechanism may provide new insights into diabetes prevention and treatment.

Keywords

netrin-1; Insulin Resistance; Inflammation; prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes mellitus

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